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treatment of complex copper ores from which profi table copper concentrates cannot be fl oated due to the excess of harmful elements such as arsenic. The HydroCopper process also enables effi cient recovery of silver and gold, which is important because gold is often a valuable element in chalcopyritic copper concentrates.
Prior to leaching, the ore may be washed with water, alkali or acid to reduce cyanide consumption and increase gold gold recovery. For example, the free acid and soluble salts can be washed away with water; the acid can be neutralized with base; the copper oxides and carbonates can be eliminated with dilute sulfuric acid.
Therefore, the recovery of copper as a valuable byproduct and the recycle of cyanide to the leach circuit have the potential for significant economic and environmental benefits. This includes enabling the treatment of gold ores with even higher soluble copper. Over the years, a variety of processes have been developed or proposed to recover ...
Given increasing levels of cyanide complexed copper in current pregnant solutions from Maricunga heaps (over 300 ppm Cu), there is a need to reduce these levels and decrease cyanide consumption and cost. Additionally, a means of disposing of this copper is required, preferably as a saleable product. The well published SART process applied to goldcopper cyanide solutions was selected as it ...
Gold Recovery from CopperRich Ores Employing the Purolite S992 GoldSelective Ion Exchange Resin This paper discusses the use of a commercially available ion exchange resin with an exceptionally high selectivity for gold over copper. Presented at the Alta 2012 Gold Conference, 31 May to 1 June 2012, Perth, Australia. 2 GLD RCRY FRM CPPRRCH RS MPLONG TH PURLT S992 GLDSLCT N .
In biooxidation, on the other hand, gold is predominantly unlocked from refractory ores in largescale stirredtank biooxidation arrangements for further processing steps. In addition to copper and gold production, biomining is also used to produce cobalt, nickel, zinc, and uranium. Up to now, biomining has merely been used as a procedure in the processing of sulfide ores and uranium ore, but ...
Separation may be a simple bulk float ( gold ores, some copper ore with negligible pyrite) or as is the case for polymetallic ores, a complex three stage sequential separation (ie copper, lead, zinc). 3 Variability samples are selected to assess orebody variability on the basis of known physical and chemical characteristics. As an absolute minimum, samples should be selected on ...
· High cyanide consumption and low gold recovery were observed at higher reactive copper contents of different ores. Therefore, finding an alternative process of leaching such problematic ores is essential to make these ores more feasible by decreasing the consumption of cyanide whilst maintaining gold recovery. Table 1.
When reviewing Methods of Eliminating Copper from Gold Ores we see that several methods have been suggested to eliminate copper from ores prior to cyanidation. Preliminary extraction of the copper with sulphuric or sulphurous acids may be applicable to ores containing oxidized copper minerals such as malachite, azurite and chrysocolla but these acids have but little effect on sulphide copper ...
With the depletion of simple cyanide treatable ores, many gold producers are today processing gold ores with increasing soluble copper. Typically, the result of this is a requirement for cyanide destruction to prevent the discharge of copper cyanide into tailings storage facilities. This imposes a significant financial cost to producers from the additional cyanide used to solubilise the copper ...
Thanks to low capital and operating expenses, heap leaching is opening up new opportunities in exploiting lowgrade ore bodies and tailings. Where only around 3 percent of copper and gold was extracted through heap leaching decades ago, more than 30 percent of copper and gold are now produced courtesy of this hydrometallurgical technique. 2
Demonstration of economic treatment options allows gold companies to maintain and increase their ore reserves. Refractory gold ores are those that do not yield high gold recoveries in conventional cyanide leaching circuits, even when the ore is finely ground. The cause of low gold recoveries can be either through the presence of naturally occurring ''preg robbing'' carbonaceous materials or ...
due to the increasing demand for and production of the yellow metal. At SGS Lakefield Research, gold process mineralogy studies are conducted routinely on all types of gold ores and mill products to assist in a wide variety of metallurgical projects. This paper will briefly discuss the gold ore types and gold mineralogy, review the common mineralogical factors affecting gold extractive ...
The presence of copper minerals in with gold is known to lead to many challenges during the cyanidation of gold ores, such as high consumption of cyanide with low gold extraction and undesirable impacts on gold recovery during the downstream processes. GlyCat is a process to enhance the dissolution of gold and copper in gold/copper ores where glycine is used as a catalyst with cyanide .
to additional flotation steps to increase product purity. The flotation process in general does not float free gold particles but is particularly effective when gold is associated with sulfide minerals such as pyrites. In a typical pyrytic gold ore, the gold is encapsulated within an iron sulfide crystal structure. Highly oxidized ores generally do not respond well to flotation. Advantages of ...
from a variety of oxide and sulphide ores. The copper cyanide''s fourth ligand readily dissociates at low cyanide concentrations for use in gold leaching. The extent of pregrobbing onto mineral surfaces was also shown to be related to the metalcyanide complexes in solution, with these complexes serving to inhibit preg robbing. However, free cyanide was found to be much more important in ...
Sometimes gold is present as a minor constituent in a base metal ( copper) concentrate, and is recovered as a byproduct during production of the base metal. For example, it can be recovered in the anode slime during the electrorefining process.
However, acid leaching is not able to recover the gold and silver contained in some copper ores and thus unable to capture their economic benefits. In this work, the feasibility of using alkaline ...
Table 1: Grade/recovery performance of a hypothetical copper ore flotation process. Product % Weight % Cu Assay Feed 100 Concentrate 10 Tailings 90 (a) From Table 1, the Ratio of Concentration can be calculated as F/C = 100/10 = 10. If only assays are available, the ratio of concentration equals (20 – )/( – ) = 10 So, for each 10 tons of feed, the plant would ...
· In such refractory gold ores, gold particles may sometimes be occluded or included in the sulfide minerals and pretreatment is necessary to decompose the mineral structure to liberate gold for subsequent recovery. These ores are usually pretreated by some oxidizing process after which gold and silver can be recovered by standard cyanidation process. The main available oxidizing processes for ...
· Enhanced recovery of gold from chalcopyrite Klimpel and Isherwood (1993) studied the effect of recovery of gold associated with chalcopyrite, molybdenite and pyrite. In this particular ore the optimal recovery of copper using xanthate was % occurring at a pH of Using F100, the optimal recovery was % occurring at a pH of
This papers is devoted to experimental study of the Reducing Pyrometallurgical Selection (RPS process) of refractory goldarseniccobalt ledge ores from the Sayak4 (Gold) deposit, under the conditions of concentrating gold in mattes and reduction melting with the recovery of precious metals into collecting ironcopper alloys [4]. Scaledup tests were carried out using the Sayak4 ores ...
Precious metals such as gold and silver are recovered from difficulttotreat ores, especially those containing manganese and/or copper, by lixiviating the ores using copperammonium thiosulfate in which the pH of the lixiviating solution is maintained at a minimum level of in order to inhibit the action of metallic iron and its ferric salts that are present in the solution and which ...
The presence of cyanide soluble copper in the cyanidation of goldcopper ores and concentrates significantly increases the cyanide consumption in order to achieve sufficient gold recovery. In addition, cyanide recovery or cyanide detoxification/destruction processes are also required which adds extra cost to .
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